ABSTRACT
Apoptosis control is characterized by a delicate balance between homo and hetero dimerization of pro- and anti-apoptosis members of the protein family. Inhibiting this protein protein interaction is one viable approach to cancer therapy. Anti-apoptosis the prosurvival family members Bcl-2, Mcl-1, and Bcl-XL are current targets for anti-cancer drug design. The chemotherapy has aroused many researchers‟ interests and a great deal of current efforts has been focusing on the design and development of various anticancer drugs. Ligand-based drug designing methods approaches through pharmacophore mapping and Three Dimention- Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (3D-QSAR) are used in drug discovery as well as molecular docking to seek potential binding sites of the Bcl-2 protein and its inhibitors interactions. Dynamically predictive 3D-QSAR model with Pearson-r value (0.74), F (62.5), Standard Deviation (0.285) of the regression and Root Mean Square Deviation RMSE (0.321), Q2(0.514) that was obtained for binding affinity of Bcl-2 protein respectively. The bioinformatics techniques were proved that the development of good potential activity drug compound to cancer. To our knowledge the results describes anti-tumour activity of HEQ-1 drug compound promising to convey anti-tumour drug development.
ABSTRACT
Cymothoidae are big parasites on fishes and often they are host specific. This study reports that in India, the Black pomfret (Parastromateus niger), a highly edible marine fish belonging to the family Carangidae, is the type host of Cymothoa eremita (Isopoda, Cymothoidae). Among one hundred and sixty fish examined from April to July, 2010 in Parangipettai coastal waters, only three female specimens were infested in June, 2010. It seems that such parasitism depends particularly on the season and on the host sex.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT : Currently, pre-clinical trials using animal models, cell culture methods and bio-informatics takes up to 18 months and the typical development for investigational new drugs takes between ten to fifteen years and associated with high cost and low rate of approval. Phase 0 trials are attractive approach and in future would require only few preclinical studies, phase I trial and a reduced amount of the investigational new experimental drug on human. FDA supports the conduct of phase 0 trials in oncology related studies. The negative points pertaining to phase 0 trials is that the drug and dose is too small and reliable biomarkers are too thin on the ground despite great sum of money being spent to find and validate them. Phase 0 clinical trials can decrease the cost and time and could improve the process of drug development in future. In this review, we try to provide the recent developments and impact of phase zero trials in clinical trial research. Abbreviations FDA (Food and Drug Administration:USA), NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level)ADME(Absorption,Distribution,MetabolismandExcretion)